Lubricant compositions



United States Patent 3,28%,029 LUBRICANT COMPGSITIONS Hans F. Waldmann,Glassboro, NJ, assignor to Mobil Oil Corporation, a corporation of NewYork No Drawing. Filed June 18, 1964, Ser. No. 376,249 21 Claims. (Cl.252-495) The present invention is directed to lubricant compositionspossessing improved characteristics. More particularly, it is directedto improved lubricating oils and waterin-oil emulsions.

The vapor phase corrosion or rusting of metal parts is often an acuteproblem in machines or systems which contain water. Such corrosion mostfrequently occurs at the metal surfaces enclosing vapor spaces, and is aparticular problem in systems which employ water-in-oil emulsions suchas hydraulic fluids as functional fluids for transmitting mechanicalenergy. Indeed, .although water-in-oil emulsions are widely used todayas lubricants and functional fluids, this problem of vapor phasecorrosion is a major drawback to their more widespread use particularlyas functional fluids for power transmission and the like.

Due to the more rigorous demands of modern technology, increasingattention is being given to the problem of fatigue in metal componentsvvhich are subject to repeated stress. Such metal fatigue is also aparticular problem in systems employing water-in-oil emulsions asfunctional fluids. The metal components in such systems frequently tendto be subject to early fatigue failures. For example, due to the fatiguefailure of bearings, the useful life of gear pumps employingwater-in-oil emulsions is often only about one-fifth as great as that ofgear pumps which employ other types of functional fluids.

In accordance with the present invention, I have found that byincorporating a specific type of compound into lubricant compositions,it is possible to provide compositions which are capable of impartingeffective and longlasting vapor phase corrosion resistance, improvedantifatigue qualities and other desirable characteristics.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide improvedlubricants. A further object is to provide a method for improving thecharacteristics of such lubricants. Another object is a method forenhancing the vapor phase corrosion resistance and anti-fatiguecharacteristics of metals which are subject to conditions which promotevapor phase corrosion and metal fatigue. A further object is to provideeffective additives for 1u bricants. A particular object of the presentinvention is to provide water-in-oil emulsions exhibiting superiorcharacteristics especially vapor phase corrosion resistance andanti-fatigue characteristics. Other objects of the invention as well assome additional advantages thereof will become apparent hereinafter.

The foregoing and other objects are achieved by incorporating into thelubricants certain alkyl amino monoalkanols possessing the generalformula:

where R represents an alkyl group; R represents an alkyl group the sameor different from R, or a hydrogen atom; R and R are selected so that3,280,029 Patented Oct. 18, 1966 "ice sum of the groups represented byR-l-R does not exceed 10 carbon atoms;

X is an alkylene group having from 2 to about 4 carbon atoms; and

n is 1 or 2.

The alkyl groups present in these amine compounds may be either straightor branched-chain; primary, secondary or tertiary alkyls so long as thecombined total of carbon atoms does not exceed ten. Similarly, thealkylen groups represented by X may be straight or branched-chain andcan be derived from either primary, secondary or tertiary alkyls.

It will be seen from the above general formula that the compoundsencompassed thereby may be characterized as monoalkyl or dialkyl aminomono-alkanols or alkoxy mono-alkanols. Some examples of such compoundsinclude: monomethyl amino ethanol, dimethyl amino ethanol, monoethylamino ethanol, monoethyl amino ethoxy ethanol, diethyl amino ethanol,diethyl amino ethoxy ethanol, diisopropyl amino ethanol, dibutyl aminoethanol, dibutyl amino ethoxy ethanol, n-butyl amino ethanol,dimethylamino-2-propanol, diisopropyl amino 2- propanol, n-butyl amino2-propanol, isobutyl amino 2- propanol, dimethyl amino Z-butanol,dimethyl amino 1- butanol, etc.

The alkyl amino mono-alkanol compounds described herein may beadvantageously employed in a variety of liquid lubricant compositions.They are particularly effective in liquid lubricant compositions whichcontain water as a component or impurity, or in liquid lubricantsemployed in machines, apparatus or systems which are subject toconditions which promote vapor phase corrosion and/or metal fatigueeither in the presence or absence of water.

Some examples of such liquid lubricants include mineral oil or syntheticoil-based lubricating oil compositions suitable for use as automotivelubricants such as motor oils, gear oils and the like; aviationlubricants including jet engine oils; marine lubricants such as marinediesel oils; industrial lubes as exemplified by metal working oils, gearoils; and the like. Also included are the single phase lubricatingcompositions or functional fluids containing water and a synthetic baseoil such as the glycol fluids containing water, glycols and polyglycols.

Further examples of liquid lubricants which may be improved inaccordance with the invention include waterin-oil emulsions such asthose employed as metal working fluids, oven chain lubricants, as wellas those used as functional fluids such as hydraulic fluids,transmission fluids etc. Indeed, the use of the aforedescribedmonoalkanol compounds with water-in-oil emulsions is a particular aspectof the present invention. It has been found that the instantmono-alkanol compounds because of their alkaline character arecompatible with and particularly effective in water-in-oil emulsionswhich possess an alkaline or in some cases neutral environment. This isin contrast to behavior of heretofore known acidic inhibitors which tendto precipitate out of the alkaline emulsions. By employing the instantalkyl amino mono-alkanols it has been found that it is possible toimpart to the emulsions not only vapor phase corrosion resistance andanti fatigue properties, but also improved anti-wear characteristics andincreased periods of useful life.

The above-described liquid lubricants, both lubricating oils andwater-in-oil emulsions, may contain base oils of lubricating oilviscosity having widely varying origin and characteristics. Someexamples of base oils include mineral oils from different crudes, i.e.,naphthenic, paraflinic, etc.; which have ben solvent and acid refined,hydrocracked etc.; and synthetic oils such as olefin polymers,hydrogenated olefin polymers, alkylene oxide polymers,

dicarboxylic acid esters, liquid esters of phosphorus, monomeric andpolymeric silicones, esters of polyhydroxy alcohols and the like.

In the case of water-in-oil emulsions the base oil and water may beemployed in various relative proportions, the water being presentgenerally in the range from about to 70% by weight of the emulsion.Water-in-oil emulsions containing hydrocarbon base oils of from about50- 400 S.U.V. at 100 F. are of particular interest.

The use of the particular alkyl amino mono-alkanol compounds definedhereinabove is necessary in order to achieve the desired vapor phaserust resistance, antifatigue properties and other desirablecharacteristics. The structure and characteristics of these specificmon0- alkanol compounds is important for it has been found, as will beshown hereinafter, that similar compounds including alkyl amines andcertain di-alkanol compounds are not as effective in lubricantcompositions. It should also be noted that the instant alkyl aminomono-alkanols must be present in the lubricant in an effective state.The mono-alk-anol compound should be free to act in the lubricantcomposition. This invention therefore should be distinguished from theuse of reaction products, complexes or the like of the mono-alkanolcompounds with other components wherein the mono-alkanols would be tiedup or otherwise have their effectiveness diminished or destroyed.

The superiority of the lubricant compositions of the present inventioncontaining the aforedescribed alkyl amino mono-alkanol compounds will beseen from the following series of comparative tests.

Vapor phase anti-rust test This test measures the eflectivenes ofvarious amino compounds as vapor phase rust inhibitors in lubricants.According to the test procedure, a 16 ounce tallform widemouth glass jaris half filled with the fluid to be tested. A sandblasted andsolvent-cleaned steel test panel is attached to the inside of a tin lidwith a magnet and the lid then screwed loosely onto the glass jar toallow some breathing. The jar is then immersed overnight up to the fluidlevel in a water bath maintained at 175 F. and during the day removedand stored at room temperature for 8 hours. The vapor phase anti-rustcapability of the fluid is determined by measuring the percent of testpanel surface rusted after various periods of exposure. The smallerpercent of rusting the more eifective is the inhibitor.

The results obtained with a water-in-oil emulsion after 7 days ofexposure to test conditions is reported in Table 1, while the testresults obtained after test periods of 27, 38 and 70 days is reported inTable 2.

The isopropyl amino ethanol employed in the following tests is, unlessotherwise indicated, a commercial product containing about 60% ofisopropyl amino ethanol.

TABLE 1.VAPOR PHASE ANTI-RUST TEST 1 Commercial hydraulic fluidcontaining 52 wt. percent of a naphthcnic oil having a S.U.V. of 100 at100 F., and 40 wt. percent water.

TABLE 2.VAPOR PHASE ANTI-RUST TEST Percent Panel Stuiace Test InhibitorWeight Rusted Alter- No. Percent 27days 38days 70days 1 Isopropylaminoethanol... 0.2 1 l 1 2 do 0.3 0 0 0 0.1 5 30 70 0.2 3 25 60 1 Incommercial hydraulic fluid described in Table 1.

It will be noted from Table 1 that water-in-oil emulsions containing theinstant alkyl amino alkanols (tests 2, 6 and 10) possessed excellentvapor phase anti-rust capabilities as evidenced by the low percent panelrusting. By contrast, the same Water-in-oil emulsions containing a wellknown vapor phase rust inhibitor morpholine (test 3) and monoethanolamine (test 5) which is structurally similar to the instant inhibitors,exhibited poor anti-rust characteristics.

Similarly, it is seen from Table 2 that emulsions containing the instantvapor phase rust inhibitors (tests 1 and 2) exhibited long termanti-rust characteristics as shown by the absence of any increase inpanel surface rusting with increasing test periods. On the other hand,the same emulsions containing butylamine (tests 3 and 4) exhibiteddrastically increased rusting as the test period was extended from 27 to70 days.

That the use of the instant alkyl amino monoalkanols is critical inorder to obtain water-in-oil emulsions possessing the desired superiorcharacteristics is demonstrated by the results reported in the followingTable 3 where the emulsions of this invention were compared with similaremulsions containing certain dialkanol amines. In this particular testthe fluid was continuously exposed to temperatures of 240 F. for periodsof 1, 2 and 7 days.

TABLE 3.VAPOR PHASE ANTI-RUST TEST Percent oi Panel Surface Rusted AfterContin- Test Weight nous Exposure at No. Inhibitor Percent 240 F. for

1 day 2 days 7 days None. Diisopropylaminoethanol. 0. 3Butylaminoethanol- 0.3 Diethylarnlnoethoxyetha nol 0.3Dibutylaminoethanol. 0. 3 Methylaminodiothanol. 0. 3Ethylarninodiethanol. 0. 3 IsopropylaminodiethanoL 0. 3Butylaminodiethanol. 0. 3

1 In the commercial hydraulic fluid described in Table 1.

It is seen from Table 3 that while the emulsions of the inventioncontaining the instant alkyl amino monoalkanols (tests 2-5) exhibitsuperior and prolonged antirust properties, the emulsions containing thedialkanol compounds (tests 6-9) showed poor anti-rust capabilities andthe test panels exposed to these latter emulsions were highly rustedafter only one day of exposure.

Vapor phase anti-rust tests were conducted for more extended periods oftime (up to days) on several types of water-in-oil emulsions andlubricating oils as reported in Table 4. In this series of tests, waterwas added to each of the lubricating oil compositions and to the premiumhydraulic fluid in the amounts shown in the table. The test procedureemployed described above was used but the jar was immersed in a waterbath maintained at 180 F. instead of at F.

It will be seen from the results reported in the following Table 4 thatthe addition of the alkyl amino monomeasuring the characteristics ofsuch emulsions, is conducted by circulating the emulsion to be tested ina Vickers vane type pump, Model V-111-E10 (rated at 2 gallons perminute). This is a positive displacement vane-type hydraulic pump. Therotor has 12 steel vanes in contact with a steel ring and turns at about1200 rpm.

TABLE 4.--VAPOR PHASE ANTI-RUST TEST Percent Panel Surface Rusted After(Days) Test No. Lubricant Wt. Percent Inhibitor Motor Oil 1 plus 5% H 0100 .do 1 0.2 isopropylamiuoethanol 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 do 0.2 cyclohexylamine50 70 90 Motor Oil 1 plus 40% E20 0.2 isopropylaminoethanol 4 6 6 10 1010 15 Hydraulic Fluid 2 100 do. 0.2 diethylaminoethanol 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.2 diisopropylaminoethanol 4 4 6 8 15 18 35 0.2 dimethylaminoethanol 44 4 4 6 7 7 0.2 ethlaminoethanol 4 4 5 6 8 8 8 0.2isopropylaminodiethanoL. 70 80 100 0.2 n-butylaminoethanol 5 5 5 5 5 5 80.2 butylarninodiethanol 70 80 100 0.2 methylarninoethanol 5 5 6 6 6 8 80.2 methylaminodiethanoh 100 0.2 ethylaminodiethanol. 0.2isopropylaminoethancl 8g 8 8 8 8 8 8 0.3 isopropylaminoethanol 0 0.3diethylaminoethanol 0 0.3 dimethylaminoethanol 0 .(10. 0,3ethylqminnethannl 0 4 Premium Motor Oil 4 plus 5% H O 100 4a do. 0.3isopropylaminoethanol 4 4 4b do. 0.3 diethylaminoethanol .4 4 5 5Premium Hydraulic Oil 5 plus 5% added H 0... 30 50 5a do. 0 0 0 5b. 0 00 5e 0 0 0 5ddo. 0 0 0 6 SAE 30 Base Oil plus 15% E 0. 100 6a. do. 0 0 00 0 0 1 6b- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6c- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6d- 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 6e.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6i- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6g 1 1 1 1 l 2 2 6h. (1 0 0 0 0 5 8 8 7Diesel Engine Oil 7 plus 15% E10 3 100 7a do. 6 (i 6 6 6 6 7b. 1 1 2 2 22 7c 4 4 5 5 5 5 7d- 12 20 20 20 20 30 7e- 0 0 0 0 0 0 7L 5 5 5 6 6 6 7g25 25 25 25 25 25 7h- 3 6 6 6 6 6 Commercial product containingcross-graded base oil of 20% S.U.S. (100 F.) neutral stock, 20% solventrefined 200 S.U.S. (100 F.) neutral, 60% 100 S.U.S. (100 F.) naphthenicstock.

2 Commercial hydraulic fluid of about 52% 100 S.U.S. (100 F.) naphthenicstock, about 40% water.

5 Solvent refined neutral stock of 8.13.8. (100 F.).

4 Commercial product, base oil contains about 80% solvent refinedneutral stock of 130 S.U.S. (100 F.), 20% solvent refined naphthenicstock M100 S.U.S. (100 F.).

Vickers pump test In order to determine the anti-wear properties andfluid life of the water-in-oil emulsions in addition to their vaporphase anti-rust characteristics, the emulsions were subjected to aVickers pump test.

The Vickers pump test, which is a recognized test for 5 Commercialhydraulic oil containing 150 S.U.S. (100 F.) solventrefined neutralparaifinie mineral oil and about 40% water.

6 Oil blend consisting of 64% paraflinic solvent-refined neutral mineraloil of 200 S.U.S. (100 F.) and 36% bright stock of 2,650 S.U.S. (100F.).

7 Commercial diesel engine lubricant containing about 50% 3,300 S.U.S.(100 F.) solvent-refined coastal bright stock and 40% 520 8.11.8. (100F.) naphthenic stock.

8 90% of panel surface rusted within 4 hours.

The results Of the tests are reported in Table 5. TABLE 6 FOUR BALLFATIGUE TEST Test No. Egogrs to a L118 TABLE 5.EFFECI OF VAPOR PHASEINHIBITORS IN VICKERS PUMP TESTS AT 1,000 P.S.I., 175 F., 2 GAL/MIN.

is s s as Wt. Hours Percent Total g fi fih pus sopmpy Test InhibitorPerof ofSuriace Wear, N0. cent Oper- Rusted mg.

M1011 1 Commercial hydraulic fluid containing about 52% 100 S.U.V. (1001 0 F.) naphthenic stock, 40% water. 1 None 71 32 As can be seen fromthe above, the addition of isoigg propylamino ethanol to the hydraulicfluid increased the 514 so time period to failure from 19.9 to 50 hoursthereby in- 1, 36% $3; dicating the increased anti-fatigue qualitiesimparted to 2 Isopropyl amino ethanoL..- 0.2 09 l the emuls on,

33% i 66 Gear pump test 557 1 "e 724 1 i The 1m roved anti-fatiguecharacteristics and the rep p u 822 l 3% sultm-g increased pump lifeachieved by the use of the 11130 2 104 water-in-oil emulsions of theinvention is further demong strated by the data obtained from gear pumpruns using 1:446 100 132 a Commercial Shearing Model D-2 inch gear pump.i gg 188 The gear pump was run to failure under 1500 psi. 3 Butylamine0.05 s s pressure at 1200 r.p.m. at 150 F. The failure was de- Zgg $8 2325 tected by an overload device when the amperage exceeded 605 70 34s apreset level. The results are given in the following 4 do 0 07 g 8%Table 7 where it is seen that the addition of the iso- 340 2 20 164propylamino ethanol lengthened the time period to failure 980 100 200 5lsoprppylamme plus hewb Q1 g from 165 hours (test 1) to 279 hours (test2).

0.1 551 5 182 TABLE 7. GEAR PUMP TEST 724 200 11 365 2 235 Test N0.Composition Hours to failure 1 Commercial hydraulic fluid described inTable 1. 2 Reservoir badly rusted. Hydraulic flujdl Hydraulic fluid plus0.2% isopropyl- 279 amino ethanol. Hydraulic fluid plus 0.6% lsopropyl-203 It will be noted from Table 5 that the emulsion (test ammo ethanol2) containing the instant alkyl amino mono-alkanol compound possessessuperior vapor phase anti-rust characteristics, as well as low wearrates and prolonged emulsion life. By contrast, it is seen from tests3-5 that at the end of about 1000 test hours, emulsions containingbutylamine or isopropylamine and hexylarnine mixtures completely losttheir useful vapor phase rustprotection so that not only was the testpanel badly rusted but the reservoir of the pump was also rusted. Inaddition, it is seen that the emulsions of these tests 3-5 possesseddecidedly inferior anti-wear properties as evidenced by their high totalwear values. Thus, for example, after about 1000 hours, the emulsions oftests 3 and 4 had total wear values of 468 and 200 mg. respectively,compared to 102 mg. total wear obtained with the emulsion of test 2.

F our-ball fatigue test As indicated hereinabove a major drawback to thewider use of water-in-oil hydraulic fluids is their poor antifatigueproperties. A particular advantage of the water in-oil emulsions of thisinvention, however, is their improved anti-fatigue life. This is shownby the Four-Ball Fatigue Test.

According to this test three lower steel balls are allowed to spinfreely in a conforming race driven by a fourth steel ball which is heldfirmly in the chuck of the spindle of the four-ball fatigue tester. Theload employed is 294 pounds and the speed 5200 r.p.m. The test isterminated when one of the balls shows a fatigue pit which is indicatedby excessive noise and vibration. This vibration actuates a vibrationswitch in the drivemotor electrical circuit which turns off the tester.

The longer the time period to failure the greater is the anti-fatiguequalities of the fluid tested. The results are reported in the followingTable 6.

1 Commercial water-in-oil emulsion containing about 52% 100 S.U.V. (100F.) naphthenic stock, 40% water.

The alkyl amino mono-alkanol compounds of the invention may be employedin the form of relatively pure compounds or as mixtures of dilferentalkyl amino monoalkanols. The amount of alkyl alkanol amines whichshould be used in the lubricant compositions will vary depending on suchfactors as the nature of the lubricant, its intended use, the presenceor absence of other additives, etc. In general, from about 0.05 to about5 weight percent, preferably from about 0.1 to about 1.0 weight percentare suitable. The use of larger amounts may in some instances besuitable depending on economic considerations.

The lubricant compositions of the invention may also contain otheringredients normally used with such compositions such as antioxidants,detergents, V.I. improvcrs, inhibitors, E.P. agents, pour pointimprovers, and in the case of water-in-oil emulsions, emulsifiers,stabilizing agents, anti-freeze agents etc.

It will, of course, be appreciated that many variations andmodifications may be practiced without departing from the scope andspirit of the present invention.

Having described the invention, what I desire to secure and claim byLetters Patent is:

1. A liquid lubricant composition containing an effective amountsufficient to provide corrosion resistance thereto of a mono-alkanolcompound of the formula:

where R represents an alkyl group; R is selected from the classconsisting of alkyl groups and hydrogen atoms;

the sum of R+R' is equal to from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; X is analkylene group having from 2 to about 4 carbon atoms; and n representsan integer selected from the class consisting of l and 2.

2. The composition of claim 1 which contains a lubricating oil.

16. The composition of claim 4 wherein said vapor phase anti-corrosionagent is butylamino ethanol.

17. The composition of claim 4 wherein said vapor phase anti-corrosionagent is dimethylamino ethanol.

3. The composition of claim 1 which contains a water- 5 18. A processfor lubricating moving metal surfaces in-oil emulsion. normally subjectto vapor phase corrosion and metal 4. A liquid lubricating compositioncontaining a minor fatigue wherein the said metal surfaces enclose vaporamount of a vapor phase anti-corrosion agent of the forspaces in whichwater is present which comprises the steps mula: of (1) incorporatinginto a liquid lubricating composition R an effective amount suflicientto provide vapor phase corrosion resistance and anti-fatiguecharacteristics thereto NAXTOMH of a compound of the formula R R where Rrepresents an alkyl group; R is selected from N(X O)H the classconsisting of alkyl groups and hydrogen atoms; the 511m of -iis equal tofrom 1 to about 10 Carbon where R represents an alkyl group: R isselected from atoms; X is an alkylene group having from 2 to about theclass consisting of alkyl groups and hydrogen atoms; 4 carbon atoms; andn represents an integer selected the sum of R and R is equal to from 1 tb t 10 from the class consisting of 1 and 2. bon atoms; X is an alkylenegroup having from 2 to about 5. The composition of claim 4 whichcontains water. 4 carbon atoms; and n represents an integer selectedfrom 6. The composition of claim 4 which contains a mineral the classconsisting of 1 and 2, and (2) introducing said lubricating oil. liquidlubricating composition into a moving lubrication 7. The composition ofclaim 4 which contains a synsystem operating under conditions normallyconductive to thetic lubricating oil. the formation of water vaporwhereby the said moving 8. The composition of claim 4 which contains awatermetal surfaces are contacted therewith. in-oil emulsion. 19. Theprocess of claim 18 wherein the said com- 9. The composition of claim 8wherein said water-in-oil pound is isopropylamino ethanol. emulsioncontains from about 10 to about 70% by weight 20. The process of claim18 wherein said additive is of water. employed in an amount from about0.05 to about 5 weight 10. The composition of claim 4 wherein said vaporpercent. phase anti-corrosion agent is present in an amount from 21. Theprocess of claim 18 wherein said liquid lubabout 0.05 to about 5 weightpercent. ricating composition is a water-in-oil emulsion.

11. The composition of claim 4 wherein said vapor phase anti-corrosionagent is isopropylamino ethanol. References Cited y the Examiner 12. Thecomposition of claim 4 wherein said vapor UNITED STATES PATENTS i? 95 2855 .agent diethylammc p 2 512,949 1950 Li 252 39z X position of clalm 4wherem said vapor 2 56 88 10/1960 D 252 3 X phase anti-corrosion agentis diisopropylamino ethanol. 9 enman 92 14. A hydraulic fluid containingfrom about 10 to about by weight of water, a hydrocarbon oil havingOTHER REFERENCES a Saybolt Universal viscosity at F. from about 50Aliphatic Nitrogen p Carbide & Carbon to about 400 seconds, and anelfective amount sufiicient Chemicals 1952, P- to provide corrosionresistance thereto of a mono-alkanol 45 s Rohm and Haas 1959, all Pcompound of the formula shown in claim 4. g 15. The composition of claim4 wherein said vapor DANIEL WYMANPNmary Exammer' phase anti-corrosionagent is ethylamino ethanol. C. F. DEES, Assistant Examiner.

Disclaimer 3,280,029.Hms F. Waldmcmn, Glassboro, NJ. LUBRICANT COMPOSI-TIONS. Patent dated Oct. 18, 1966. Disclaimer filed June 10, 1969, bythe assignee, Mobil Oil Corporation. Hereby enters this disclaimer toclaims 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 10 and 12 of said patent.

[Ofiioial Gazette October 14, 1.969.]

Disclaimer 3,280,029.J](ms F. Waldmann, Glassboro, NJ. LUBRICANTCOMPOSI- TIONS. Patent dated Oct. 18, 1966. Disclaimer filed June 10,1969, by the assignee,1l[obil Oil Corporation.

Hereby enters this disclaimer to claims 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 10 and 12 of saidpatent.

[Ofiicial Gazette October 14, 1.969.]

1. A LIQUID LUBRICANT COMPOSITION CONTAINING AN EFFECTIVE AMOUNTSUFFICIENT TO PROVIDE CORROSION RESISTANCE THERETO OF A MONO-ALKANOLCOMPOUND OF THE FORMULA:
 3. THE COMPOSITION OF CLAIM 1 WHICH CONTAINS AWATERIN-OIL EMULSION.